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Jerusalem Archaeological Park
Why was the Dome of the Rock Constructed? (Ya'kubi)

Then 'Abd al Malik forbade the people of Syria to make the pilgrimage (to Makkah); and this by reason that 'Abd Allah ibn az Zubair was wont to seize on them during the time of the pilgrimage, and force them to pay him allegiance�which, 'Abd al Malik having knowledge of, forbade the people to journey forth to makkah. But the people murmured thereat, saying, 'how dost thou forbid us to make the pilgrimage to Allah's house, seeing that the same is a commandment of Allah upon us?' but the Khalif answered them, 'Hath not Ibn Shihâb az Zuhri told you how the Apostle of Allah did say: Men shall journey to but three Masjids (Mosques, namely), Al Masjid Haram (at Makkah), my Masjid (at Madinah), and the Masjid of the Holy city (which is Jerusalem)? So this last is now appointed for you (as a place of worship) in lieu of the Masjid al Haram (of Makkah). And this Rock (the Sakhrah of Jerusalem) of which it is reported that upon it the Apostle of Allah set his foot when he ascended into heaven, shall be unto you in the pace of the Ka'abah.' Then 'Abd al Malik built above the Sakhrah a Dome, and hung it around with curtains of brocade, and be instituted doorkeepers for the same, and the people took the custom of circumambulating the Rock (as Sakhrah of Jerusalem), even as they had paced round the Ka'abah (at Makkah), and the usage continued thus all the says of the dynasty of the Omayyads.
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